光伏发电系统优化Optimization of Photovoltaic Power Systems4Optimized Use of PV Arrays

The source of photovoltaic electrical energy is the solar cell. Commercial solarcells reach maximum conversion efficiencies of 20–21%, while an efficiency of25% may be achieved in laboratory [62]. The overall efficiency of a module rangesfrom 15 to 17% [62]. Under real operating conditions, a lower efficiency than thenominal efficiency could be observed [73]. PV arrays must b..